Textured Yarn

Yarns of synthetic fibers that differ from ordinary textile yarns, having greater bulk, strong crimp,   loose structure, and, in some cases, high stretchability are known as Textured Yarns.

Texturizing processes were originally applied to man-made fibres to reduce such characteristics as transparency, slipperiness, and the possibility of pilling (formation of small fibre tangles on a fabric surface). Texturizing processes make yarns more opaque, improve appearance and texture, and increase warmth and absorbency. Textured yarns are man-made continuous filaments, modified to impart special texture and appearance. In the production of abraded yarns, the surfaces are roughened or cut at various intervals and given added twist, producing a hairy effect.

Textured yarns are used for manufacturing a wide variety of textile products: hosiery, knitted underwear and outer wear, and shape retaining knitted fabrics for men’s and women’s suits and overcoats. They are also used in the production of artificial fur, carpets, blankets, and drapery and upholstery fabrics.

Benlon India Ltd manufacturers the following types of textured yarns which are distinguished by production method, properties, and use: high-tensile, low-tensile, crimped, loop, shaped, bi-component, combination, and high-bulk yarns.

                                                                                     

High-tensile is produced by the twisting of compound synthetic fibers (polyamide, polyester, and other fibers) up to 2,500–5,000 twists per meter, heat setting of the twisted yarn, and untwisting of the set yarn. The yarn assumes a spiral shape and acquires high stretchability (up to 400 percent) and fluffiness.

Low-tensile yarns are different from high-tensile yarns with respect to greater bulk, high crimp, and fluffiness, with little elastic elongation. Such yarns are produced by additional heat treatment of high-textile yarns.

Crimped yarns are usually obtained from synthetic yarns that are tightly packed into a special chamber and subjected to heat treatment. Crimped yarns are marked by a zigzag crimp, softness, high bulk, and comparatively low stretchability. In a second method, a synthetic yarn is drawn across the sharp edge of a steel plate. The yarn undergoes complex deformation, and the individual fibers acquire a spiral shape. Crimped yarns are also produced by the knitting method. Ordinary thermoplastic compound yarns are used on high-speed knitting machines to produce a fabric that is subsequently subjected to heat treatment, as a result of which the yarns acquire a permanent twist after the cloth is removed.

Loop yarns are obtained by exposing a composite yarn to a jet of air at the moment it passes through the orifice of a device to which air is supplied under pressure.

Shaped yarns (polyamide, polyester, and other types) are formed by spinnerets with shaped orifices rather than round ones. As a result, yarns with various cross sections or with internal channels are produced. With ordinary stretchability, they have a lower weight for a given volume, a matte finish, and increased hygroscopicity.

Bicomponent yarns are formed from two or more polymers. The orifices of the spinnerets are separated by a partition into two or more sections, and a different spinning mixture is fed to each section. The yarns formed consist of several, chemically different parts. After drawing, they are subjected to heat treatment. The polymers exhibit different degrees of shrinkage, and the yarns thus acquire a crimp, greater bulk, and a loose structure.

Combination yarns are obtained from the combined texturing of different yarns by twisting textured yarns with different structures and properties, or by twisting ordinary composite or high-tensile yarns with staple fibers.

High-bulk yarn is produced by combining a low-shrink fiber with chemical staple fibers (primarily polyacrylonitrile) having a shrinkage of 20–30 percent. Heat treatment of such yarn in a free state shortens the high-shrink fibers but leaves the low-shrink fiber virtually unchanged in length. The low-shrink fiber is bonded to the high-shrink fibers by friction, and the fibers are bent, which gives the yarn a fluffy appearance.

Bulking creates air spaces in the yarns, imparting absorbency and improving ventilation. Bulk is frequently introduced by crimping, imparting waviness similar to the natural crimp of wool fibre; by curling, producing curls or loops at various intervals; or by coiling, imparting stretch. Such changes are usually set by heat application, although chemical treatments are sometimes employed. In the early 1970s bulky yarns were most frequently produced by the “false twist” method, a continuous process in which the filament yarn is twisted and set and then untwisted and heated again to either stabilize or destroy the twist. The “stuffing box” method is often applied to nylon, a process in which the filament yarn is compressed in a heated tube, imparting a zigzag crimp, then slowly withdrawn. In the knit-de-knit process, a synthetic yarn is knitted, heat is applied to set the loops formed by knitting, and the yarn is then unraveled and lightly twisted, thus producing the desired texture in the completed fabric.

Bulk may be introduced chemically by combining filaments of both high and low shrinkage potential in the same yarn, then subjecting the yarn to washing or steaming, causing the high shrinkage filaments to react, producing a bulked yarn without stretch. A yarn may be air bulked by enclosing it in a chamber where it is subjected to a high-pressure jet of air, blowing the individual filaments into random loops that separate, increasing the bulk of the material.

Textured Yarn having the characteristics of loftiness, stretch and recovery, good fabric cover, light weight, soft handle, dullness, durability and increased moisture absorption makes it adaptable to different end-use requirements. It is widely used in the following industries –

1.       Luggage

2.       Socks

3.       Hosiery

4.       Outer/Inner garments

5.       Skin-clinging garments

6.       Furnishings

7.       Upholstery

8.       Narrow woven tapes etc

Benlon India Ltd. supplies and exporters different types of textured yarns like Air Textured Yarn, Dope Dyed Polyester Textured Yarn, High Bulk Polyester Yarn etc.

Benlon India has a major market share of textured Yarns in countries such as Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Brazil, South Africa etc.

If you are interested in our products and would like to be part of our growth story, please contact us on sales@benlonindia.com  

For more information about our company and our products, please visit www.benlonindia.com